By Stephanie Zajac
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24 Apr, 2024
When it comes to starting a business, choosing the right structure is crucial. For many entrepreneurs, Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) offer a balance of flexibility and liability protection. But how are LLCs taxed? Let's break it down in simple terms. Hear it from the IRS. According to our pals at the IRS, “the IRS will treat an LLC either as a corporation, partnership, or as part of the owner’s tax return (a disregarded entity).” If you’re a domestic LLC with at least 2 members, the IRS says you’re a partnership. Just 1 member? Then you’re “an entity disregarded as separate from its owner, unless it files Form 8832 and elects to be treated as a corporation.” Let’s talk through pass-through taxation. Anything with “pass-through” sounds like a good time. The nitty gritty — one of the key benefits of an LLC is its tax flexibility. By default, LLCs are treated as "pass-through" entities for tax purposes. This just means that the business itself does not pay taxes on its income. Instead, the profits and losses "pass through" to the owners' personal tax returns. As an LLC owner, you report your share of the LLC's profits or losses on your personal tax return. This simplifies the tax process, as you don't have to file a separate tax return for the LLC itself. **In layman's terms, you’ll pay personal income taxes for your share of the business.** Proportional taxation Your share of the LLC's profits or losses is typically based on your ownership percentage in the company. For example, if you own 50% of the LLC, you would report 50% of the profits or losses on your personal tax return. It’s important to sort this out with your partner WAY before you start making money. Things could get hairy if you wait to decide who owns what % of the business. Flexibility in tax classification Okay, so the default tax treatment for LLCs is pass-through taxation, but… LLCs have the flexibility to choose *how* they want to be taxed. They can elect to be taxed as a sole proprietorship, partnership, S corporation, or even a C corporation, depending on their specific tax situation and business goals. Self-employment taxes It's important to note that as an LLC owner, you may be subject to self-employment taxes on your share of the LLC's profits. These taxes cover Social Security and Medicare contributions and are typically paid quarterly. Talk to the pros. Navigating the tax implications of an LLC can be complex, especially as your business grows and evolves. Consulting with a tax professional or accountant who specializes in small business taxation can help you understand your tax obligations, maximize deductions, and ensure compliance with tax laws. The TLDR In summary, LLCs are taxed in a straightforward manner, with profits and losses passing through to the owners' personal tax returns. This simplicity, coupled with the flexibility to choose your tax classification, makes LLCs an attractive option for many entrepreneurs. By understanding the basics of LLC taxation and seeking expert guidance when needed, you can confidently navigate the tax landscape and focus on growing your business.